Measurements of dichroic bow-tie antenna arrays with integrated cold-electron bolometers using YBCO oscillators

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitry A. Pimanov,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Viktor O. Zbrozhek,
• Andrey V. Samartsev,
• Anastasia N. Orlova,
• Dmitry V. Masterov,
• Alexey E. Parafin,
• Victoria Yu. Safonova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Leonid S. Kuzmin,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Silvia Masi and
• Paolo de Bernardis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 26–36, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.3

• based on high-temperature YBCO Josephson junctions [27][28][29]. Long junctions based on YBCO thin films were fabricated by the preliminary topology mask method [30][31]. Specifically, YBCO film was deposited on a 24° [001]-tilt Zr1−xYxO2 bicrystal substrate by magnetron sputtering with preliminary

• deposition of cerium dioxide CeO2 on the heated substrate as a buffer layer. The dimensions of the obtained Josephson junctions were 50 µm in length and 0.3 µm in thickness. At a temperature T ~ 2.7 K, the value of the critical current density was ~400 kA/cm2 with the ICRN product of ~1.6 mV. The junctions

• -critical-temperature Josephson junctions are effective sources for studying the amplitude–frequency characteristics of various detector systems with broadband continuous frequency tuning in comparison with low-critical-temperature counterparts [32][33]. The experiment on the study of the amplitude

A bifunctional superconducting cell as flux qubit and neuron

• Dmitrii S. Pashin,
• Pavel V. Pikunov,
• Marina V. Bastrakova,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1116–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.92

• on the principle of quantum annealing and contains a superconducting chip with 128,472 Josephson junctions, 75 percent of which were dedicated to superconducting digital electronics for controlling the processor and reading out the result. The rest was used either for qubit junctions or for

• interconnects that allow for programmable interaction between qubits. The Pegasus P16 superconducting chip of the Advantage QA system, released in 2020, contained 1,030,000 Josephson junctions, of which only 40,484 were used for interconnects, and 5,640 Josephson structures were part of the qubits. In this

• , another important factor (in addition to relaxation) that influences the evolution of observable quantities for an interferometer is thermal fluctuations. It is known that the operating temperature, T, of quantum circuits with Josephson junctions is chosen much smaller than the characteristic temperature

Spin dynamics in superconductor/ferromagnetic insulator hybrid structures with precessing magnetization

• Yaroslav V. Turkin and
• Nataliya Pugach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 233–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.22

• most preferable way to inject spin currents because of the absence of Joule heating. Moreover, proximity coupling between magnetic excitations plays a crucial role in ferromagnetic Josephson junctions [9][10][11][12] and mesoscopic structures [13]. Recent experimental research [5][8][14] shows that the

A distributed active patch antenna model of a Josephson oscillator

• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 151–164, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.16

• , a small stack of Josephson junctions (red) is sandwiched between two large superconducting electrodes, namely the ground plane (blue) and the top electrode (light blue). The stack is acting as a source of microwave current (feed-in) for the patch antenna formed by the electrodes. Estimation of

Frontiers of nanoelectronics: intrinsic Josephson effect and prospects of superconducting spintronics

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Horst Hahn and
• Vladimir Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 79–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.9

• drastically lower energy dissipation. А logical solution and the most promising candidate for radical reduction in energy consumption is the superconducting digital technology (SDT) based on Josephson junctions. The intrinsic Josephson effect, which was first reported by Reinhold Kleiner, Paul Müller, and co

• development in superconducting spintronics, based on functional nanostructures and Josephson junctions, has taken place [13][14]. The implementation of such devices in building blocks for quantum computers and for novel computers using non-von Neumann architecture with brain-like artificial neural networks

• [15][16]. - Detection of ultrahigh frequency radiation by new devices: Based on Josephson junctions with frequencies of 72–265 GHz using the Josephson grain boundary junction fabricated in YBaCuO films [17] and broad-band detectors based on YBaCuO Josephson junctions fabricated on ZrYO bicrystals with

Observation of collective excitation of surface plasmon resonances in large Josephson junction arrays

• Roger Cattaneo,
• Mikhail A. Galin and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1578–1588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.132

• Roger Cattaneo Mikhail A. Galin Vladimir M. Krasnov Stockholm University, Physics Department, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden Institute for Physics of Microstructures RAS, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 10.3762/bjnano.13.132 Abstract Josephson junctions can be used as sources of microwave radiation

• as a common external resonator, facilitating long-range phase-locking of large junction arrays with sizes larger than the emitted wavelength. Keywords: cavity modes; Josephson junctions; synchronization mechanism; THz radiation; Introduction Terahertz sources of electromagnetic waves (EMWs) in the

• range of 0.1–10 THz are characterized by a low power efficiency [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Josephson junctions (JJs) can generate tunable terahertz radiation in a broad frequency range, from sub-terahertz in low-Tc superconductors [7][8][9], to tens of terahertz in high-Tc superconductors [10][11][12][13][14

Coherent amplification of radiation from two phase-locked Josephson junction arrays

• Mikhail A. Galin,
• Vladimir M. Krasnov,
• Ilya A. Shereshevsky,
• Nadezhda K. Vdovicheva and
• Vladislav V. Kurin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1445–1457, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.119

• .13.119 Abstract We analyze experimentally and theoretically mutual phase locking and electromagnetic interaction between two linear arrays with a large number of Josephson junctions. Arrays with different separation, either on the same chip or on two separate substrates are studied. We observe a large

Density of states in the presence of spin-dependent scattering in SF bilayers: a numerical and analytical approach

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Valeriia D. Pashkovskaia,
• Nikita A. Parkhomenko,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Boris G. Lvov,
• Alexander A. Golubov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1418–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.117

• behavior of DOS dependencies on magnetic and spin–orbit scattering times is discussed. Keywords: density of states; Josephson junctions; proximity effect; superconductivity; superconductor/ferromagnet hybrid nanostructures; Introduction It is well-known that superconductivity can be induced in a non

• patterns on the surface of a 3D topological insulator (TI) [18]. The Josephson critical current demonstrates damped oscillatory behavior as a function of the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer in SFS Josephson junctions [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39

• superconducting hybrid structures. For example, the DOS calculation is essential for the quasiparticle current computation in SIFS (where I denotes an insulating layer) [29][51][53][54][55][56][57] or SFIFS tunneling Josephson junctions [58]. Therefore, computation of the DOS is also needed for many actively

Nonlinear features of the superconductor–ferromagnet–superconductor φ₀ Josephson junction in the ferromagnetic resonance region

• Aliasghar Janalizadeh,
• Ilhom R. Rahmonov,
• Sara A. Abdelmoneim,
• Yury M. Shukrinov and
• Mohammad R. Kolahchi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1155–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.97

• pulse through the φ0 junction [3][9][10][11][12][13]. There are two features of Josephson junctions that come into play in our study. The first one is the broken inversion symmetry in the weak link of the Josephson junction when the link is magnetic, which introduces an extra phase in the current–phase

• relation, preventing it from being antisymmetric. Such Josephson junctions are named φ0 junctions [1], and examples, such as MnSi and FeGe, exist. The second one is the nonlinear property of the system, which makes for an anomalous resonance behavior [14]. We couple such a Josephson junction to the model

• superconducting structures being driven far from equilibrium exhibit NDR states [32]. The NDR states plays an essential role in applications related to terahertz radiation emission [33]. A detailed explanation of the different types of negative differential resistance in Josephson junctions (i.e., N-shaped and S

Ultrafast signatures of magnetic inhomogeneity in Pd_1−xFe_x (x ≤ 0.08) epitaxial thin films

• Andrey V. Petrov,
• Sergey I. Nikitin,
• Lenar R. Tagirov,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Igor V. Yanilkin and
• Roman V. Yusupov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 836–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.74

• ]. Superconducting spintronics is a branch of superconducting electronics, the key components of which are thin-film magnetic Josephson junctions (MJJs), which include layers of superconductors (S), ferromagnets (F) and insulators (I) [1][2][3][14][15]. The use of MJJs considerably reduces the energy consumption

• , the number of Josephson junctions, and the number of interconnects in superconducting digital circuitries [16], ensuring wide operation margin tolerances and low bit-error rates [17][18]. To realize the full functionality of superconducting digital circuits, several kinds of MJJ-based devices are

• links in magnetic Josephson junctions and superconducting memory elements based on spin valves. Temperature evolutions of the reflectivity transients of Pd1−xFex alloy thin epitaxial films for compositions with x = 0 (a), 0.038 (b), 0.062 (c), and 0.080 (d). Temperature evolution of the time-resolved

Experimental and theoretical study of field-dependent spin splitting at ferromagnetic insulator–superconductor interfaces

• Peter Machon,
• Michael J. Wolf,
• Detlef Beckmann and
• Wolfgang Belzig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 682–688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.60

• time [24][25][26]. Magnetic insulators have been used successfully, for example, in magnetic Josephson junctions [27], superconducting spin switches [13], and for studying the triplet proximity effect [28]. Ferromagnetic insulators are a good probe of the spin-dependent proximity effect in bilayer

A superconducting adiabatic neuron in a quantum regime

• Marina V. Bastrakova,
• Dmitrii S. Pashin,
• Dmitriy A. Rybin,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Anastasiya A. Gorchavkina and
• Arkady M. Satanin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 653–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.57

• with extremely small energy dissipation [42][43][44][45]. We especially note the demonstrated possibility of the adiabatic evolution of the state for a neuron in a multilayer perceptron with Josephson junctions without resistive shunting [46]. It is precisely such a heterostructure without resistive

Approaching microwave photon sensitivity with Al Josephson junctions

• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitry A. Ladeynov,
• Anton A. Yablokov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 582–589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.50

• experiments of dark matter search [10][11][12] and the corresponding program initiated by INFN in Italy [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Our experiments show that typical aluminium Josephson junctions (JJs) can indeed have a few-photon sensitivity in the microwave frequency range, and a photon

Tunable superconducting neurons for networks based on radial basis functions

• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Maxim V. Tereshonok and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 444–454, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.37

• Figure 1b), with a Gaussian-like activation function. It consists of two identical Josephson junctions JJ1 and JJ2 in the shoulders with input inductances, L, and output inductance Lout. It is also used to set an additional bias magnetic flux, Φb. Flux biasing is used to provide a suitable transfer

• the flux quantum Φ0; currents are normalized to the critical current of the Josephson junctions IC; inductances are normalized to the characteristic inductance 2πLIC/Φ0, times are normalised to the characteristic time tC = Φ0/(2πVC) (VC is the characteristic voltage of a Josephson junction). Equations

• , normalised to the characteristic energy E0 = Φ0IC/2π, as function of the rise/fall time of the input signal for different bias fluxes: φb = {0.01, 0.05, 0.1}π. The insert demonstrates the form of temporal dynamic for input flux and dissipation. If the critical current for Josephson junctions IC is equal to

Controllable two- and three-state magnetization switching in single-layer epitaxial Pd_1−xFe_x films and an epitaxial Pd_0.92Fe_0.08/Ag/Pd_0.96Fe_0.04 heterostructure

• Igor V. Yanilkin,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Gulnaz F. Gizzatullina,
• Roman V. Yusupov and
• Lenar R. Tagirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 334–343, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.28

• alloy; thin epitaxial film; Introduction The generation of the long-range triplet component of the superconducting pairing at noncollinear orientations of magnetization in ferromagnetic layered systems is extensively studied in the framework of magnetic Josephson junctions (MJJs) ([1][2][3] for early

A broadband detector based on series YBCO grain boundary Josephson junctions

• Egor I. Glushkov,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Leonid S. Kuzmin and
• Leonid S. Revin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 325–333, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.27

• dynamic range by a factor of 5. For typical YBaCuO Josephson junctions fabricated on a ZrYO bicrystal substrate by magnetron deposition, the following parameters were obtained at a temperature of 77 K: responsivity = 9 kV/W; NEP = 3·10−13 W/Hz(1/2); power dynamic range = 1·106. Keywords: array

• ; electromagnetic modeling; log-periodic antenna; RCSJ model; series Josephson junctions; YBaCuO Josephson junction; Introduction High-temperature superconducting (HTSC) Josephson junctions (JJs) have great potential as promising materials for creating high-frequency devices, such as microwave generators [1][2

• the electromagnetic analysis and numerical simulation of the broadband detector based on a series of HTSC bicrystal Josephson junctions to maximize response, power dynamic range, and noise-equivalent power. Electromagnetic Simulation Figure 1a–c shows options for the geometry of a log-periodic antenna

Design aspects of Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ THz sources: optimization of thermal and radiative properties

• Mikhail M. Krasnov,
• Natalia D. Novikova,
• Roger Cattaneo,
• Alexey A. Kalenyuk and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1392–1403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.103

• superconductor Bi-2212 (Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ) may provide an alternative possibility for the creation of cryogenic CW THz sources [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Bi-2212 represents a natural stack of atomic scale intrinsic Josephson junctions (IJJs) [23][24][25][26]. Josephson junctions have

• emitters [10][19] because smaller mesa structures are less prone to self-heating [14][28][29][31]. Such a strategy has been successfully proved for arrays of Josephson junctions [48][49][50], for which coherent emission from up to 9000 synchronized junctions was reported [49]. Yet, the ultimate dissipation

• % for whisker-based [40] devices. Conclusion To conclude, intrinsic Josephson junctions in the layered high-temperature superconductor Bi-2212 can provide an alternative technology for the creation of tunable, CW THz sources. In this work we analyzed two main phenomena that limit performance of such

Nonmonotonous temperature dependence of Shapiro steps in YBCO grain boundary junctions

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitriy V. Masterov,
• Alexey E. Parafin,
• Sergey A. Pavlov and
• Andrey L. Pankratov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1279–1285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.95

• ; Shapiro steps; temperature dependence; YBaCuO Josephson junction; Introduction High-temperature superconducting (HTSC) Josephson junctions (JJs) are of great interest since many physical properties can be observed in dynamics during the changing the temperature within a wide range from nitrogen

• characteristics of detectors and mixers based on HTSC JJs [6][7][8][9][10][11] have been actively studied. Josephson junctions have also been used for various spectroscopic applications [12]. In this area, the AC Josephson effect is utilized for the Hilbert-transform spectral analysis [13][14]. It should be noted

• operation optimum at intermediate temperatures between the liquid nitrogen and helium temperatures [18][19]. The issue of obtaining sharp Shapiro steps is especially important for the development of HTSC Josephson voltage standards, consisting of series arrays of up to tens of thousands Josephson junctions

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

• devices (SQUIDs) was demonstrated, using the helium line irradiation method to direct-write metallic and insulating Josephson junctions into pre-fabricated YBCO circuits [38]. By increasing the helium ion dose further, to the order of 1017 ions/cm2, highly resistive (amorphous) regions can be patterned

• Josephson junctions [39]. Similar multi-step irradiation routines have been used to fabricate SQUID micromagnetometers entirely using helium ion irradiation [40][41][42][43], nano-SQUID-based transimpedance amplifiers [44], and Josephson junctions in the superconducting bridge of spiral terahertz antenna

• structures [45]. The performance of Josephson junctions in YBCO thin films fabricated using the HIM has been further evaluated in [46]. Cross-sectional STEM analysis of helium line irradiations of YBCO has shown that the crystallinity of the Josephson junction barriers is essentially preserved, highlighting

Functional nanostructures for electronics, spintronics and sensors

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1704–1706, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.152

• Josephson junctions as base elements for a superconducting computer were presented by Karabassov et al. [9] and Marychev et al. [10]. In the latter, the authors present a theoretical study of the current–phase relation of very promising SN-S-SN Josephson junctions, which could serve as energy efficient

• technology including lift-off electron-beam lithography followed by ultra-high-vacuum deposition of materials that was used for fabrication of nanostructured quasi-1D chains of Josephson junctions. This was followed by the work of Mohammed et al. [12] who presented a smart vacuum technology for the design of

A wideband cryogenic microwave low-noise amplifier

• Boris I. Ivanov,
• Dmitri I. Volkhin,
• Ilya L. Novikov,
• Dmitri K. Pitsun,
• Dmitri O. Moskalev,
• Ilya A. Rodionov,
• Evgeni Il’ichev and
• Aleksey G. Vostretsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1484–1491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.131

• coupled to a single qubit. The sample was made at the BMSTU Nanofabrication Facility (FMN Laboratory, FMNS REC, ID 74300) using Al technology [29][30]. The X-mon qubit was made of two Al/AlxOy/Al parallel Josephson junctions forming a SQUID-type structure coupled to the main ground plane. The standard

Superconductor–insulator transition in capacitively coupled superconducting nanowires

• Alex Latyshev,
• Andrew G. Semenov and
• Andrei D. Zaikin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1402–1408, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.124

• applied to a variety of problems in condensed matter theory, such as, the problem of weak Coulomb blockade in tunnel [19][20][21][22] and non-tunnel [23][24][25] barriers between normal metals or that of a dissipative phase transition in resistively shunted Josephson junctions [19][26][27][28]. In the

Controlling the proximity effect in a Co/Nb multilayer: the properties of electronic transport

• Sergey Bakurskiy,
• Mikhail Kupriyanov,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Igor Soloviev,
• Andrey Schegolev,
• Roman Morari,
• Yury Khaydukov and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1336–1345, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.118

• ) heterostructures can be used for construction of tunable cryoelectronic elements, such as switches, Josephson junctions and inductors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Here, we present theoretical and experimental investigations of an S/F “stranded wire” with a controllable proximity effect. The wire is composed of

• Contrary to traditional semiconductor basic elements (transistors), tunable kinetic inductors (TKIs), as well as nonlinear elements (Josephson junctions), are not fabricated in a substrate. This allows for 3D topology benefits, which are especially important for deep ANNs. The F1/s/F2/s superlattice, in

• current flow control using the TKI is a splitter. The input current, iin, induced in the input inductance, lin, splits between the two TKI elements. Figure 1b presents the principal scheme of a synaptic element in a superconducting ANN (with TKI elements instead of Josephson junctions, which were used

Cryogenic low-noise amplifiers for measurements with superconducting detectors

• Ilya L. Novikov,
• Boris I. Ivanov,
• Dmitri V. Ponomarev and
• Aleksey G. Vostretsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1316–1320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.115

• Josephson junctions and superconducting thin films. Experimental studies of such sensors require the design of low-noise cryogenic readout electronics with a direct coupling to the sample. For example, investigations of noise sources in low-temperature tunnel Josephson junctions are still ongoing for high

• -precision calibration of superconductor technology and for finding new noise sources in Josephson junctions, which lead to high decoherence in superconducting systems [2][3]. The most important part in a measurement readout is a low-noise amplifier. The modern low-temperature low-noise cryogenic amplifiers

Proximity effect in [Nb(1.5 nm)/Fe(x)]₁₀/Nb(50 nm) superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures

• Yury Khaydukov,
• Sabine Pütter,
• Laura Guasco,
• Roman Morari,
• Gideok Kim,
• Thomas Keller,
• Anatolie Sidorenko and
• Bernhard Keimer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1254–1263, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.109

• phenomena are π–Josephson junctions [4][5][6][7] with a π-phase difference of superconducting correlations between two neighboring interfaces, long-range triplet superconductivity [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] generated in S/F systems with a non-collinear (NC) magnetic configuration of the F system